Characterization of Rhizosphere Bacteria Associated with Vitellaria paradoxa and Their Potential Applications in Sustainable Agriculture
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24191/bioenv.v3i2.88Keywords:
Lactobacillus brevis, Micrococcus luteus, Proteus vulgaris, Soil Fertility, Soil pathogensAbstract
The rhizosphere, a biologically active soil region encircling plant roots, serves as a crucial locus for plant-microbe interactions that affect plant development, nutrient cycling, and overall ecosystem vitality. The bacterial communities residing in the rhizosphere of Vitellaria paradoxa (shea tree) in Nigeria are inadequately characterized. This study aimed to examine the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of V. paradoxa naturally occurring in the Botanical Garden at the University of Ilorin, Nigeria. Bacterial isolates were procured via serial dilution plating and identified according to colony morphology and standard biochemical assays. The isolated species comprised Bacillus subtilis, Proteus vulgaris, Micrococcus luteus, and Lactobacillus brevis. These organisms, identified as Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), enhance plant health by increasing nutrient availability, fostering plant growth, and inhibiting soil-borne pathogens. The results underscore the prospective use of PGPR as natural, environmentally friendly agents for sustainable agriculture, enhancing soil fertility and crop yield while diminishing reliance on synthetic agrochemicals.
References
Afridi, M. S., Fakhar, A., Kumar, A., Ali, S., Medeiros, F. H. V., Muneer, M. A., Ali, H., & Saleem, M. (2022). Harnessing microbial multitrophic interactions for rhizosphere microbiome engineering. Microbiological Research, 265, 127199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2022.127199
Ahmad, Z., Wu, J., Chen, L., & Dong, W. (2017). Isolated Bacillus subtilis strain 330-2 and its antagonistic genes identified by the removing PCR. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 1777. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01940-9
Aleza, K., Villamor, G. B., Nyarko, B. K., Wala, K., & Akpagana, K. (2018). Shea (Vitellaria paradoxa Gaertn C. F.) fruit yield assessment and management by farm households in the Atacora district of Benin. PLOS ONE, 13(1), e0190234. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190234
Bairy, G., Ozzin-Kholy Zolipou, C. O., & Nzoumbou-Boko, R. (2023). In vitro trypanocidal activity of extracts and compounds isolated from Vitellaria paradoxa. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 23(1), 346. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-023-04175-6
Bhadani, P., & Vashisht, V. (2019). Soil moisture, temperature and humidity measurement using Arduino. 2019 9th International Conference on Cloud Computing, Data Science & Engineering (Confluence), 567–571. https://doi.org/10.1109/CONFLUENCE.2019.8776973
Blake, C., Christensen, M. N., & Kovács, Á. T. (2021). Molecular aspects of plant growth promotion and protection by Bacillus subtilis. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 34(1), 15–25. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-08-20-0225-CR
Cazorla, F. M., Romero, D., Pérez-García, A., Lugtenberg, B. J. J., Vicente, A. D., & Bloemberg, G. (2007). Isolation and characterization of antagonistic Bacillus subtilis strains from the avocado rhizoplane displaying biocontrol activity: Characterization of antagonistic Bacillus. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 103(5), 1950–1959. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03433.x
Choungo Nguekeng, P. B., Hendre, P., Tchoundjeu, Z., Kalousová, M., Tchanou Tchapda, A. V., Kyereh, D., Masters, E., & Lojka, B. (2021). The current state of knowledge of shea butter tree (Vitellaria paradoxa C.F.Gaertner.) for nutritional value and tree improvement in West and Central Africa. Forests, 12(12), 1740. https://doi.org/10.3390/f12121740
Garmasheva, I., Tomila, T., Kharkhota, M., & Oleschenko, L. (2024). Exopolysaccharides of lactic acid bacteria as protective agents against bacterial and viral plant pathogens. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 276, 133851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133851
Gupta, K. K., Aneja, K. R., & Rana, D. (2016). Current status of cow dung as a bioresource for sustainable development. Bioresources and Bioprocessing, 3(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40643-016-0105-9
Hashem, A. H., Attia, M. S., Kandil, E. K., Fawzi, M. M., Abdelrahman, A. S., Khader, M. S., Khodaira, M. A., Emam, A. E., Goma, M. A., & Abdelaziz, A. M. (2023). Bioactive compounds and biomedical applications of endophytic fungi: A recent review. Microbial Cell Factories, 22(1), 107. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12934-023-02118-x
Jepsen, T., Stopponi, G., & Jørgensen, N. O. G. (2024). Shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. Gaertn.) agroforestry systems in Northern Ghana: Population structure, management of trees and impact of below canopy microclimate. Agroforestry Systems, 98(6), 1493–1506. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-024-01019-1
Jiao, X., Takishita, Y., Zhou, G., & Smith, D. L. (2021). Plant associated rhizobacteria for biocontrol and plant growth enhancement. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12, 634796. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.634796
Kumar, M., Giri, V. P., Pandey, S., Gupta, A., Patel, M. K., Bajpai, A. B., Jenkins, S., & Siddique, K. H. M. (2021). Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria emerging as an effective bioinoculant to improve the growth, production, and stress tolerance of vegetable crops. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(22), 12245. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212245
Lafi, F. F., Ramirez-Prado, J. S., Alam, I., Bajic, V. B., Hirt, H., & Saad, M. M. (2017). Draft genome sequence of plant growth–promoting Micrococcus luteus Strain K39 isolated from Cyperus conglomeratus in Saudi Arabia. Genome Announcements, 5(4), e01520-16. https://doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.01520-16
Ma, Y., Qu, L., Wang, W., Yang, X., & Lei, T. (2016). Measuring soil water content through volume/mass replacement using a constant volume container. Geoderma, 271, 42–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.02.003
Maslennikova, V. S., Tsvetkova, V. P., Shelikhova, E. V., Selyuk, M. P., Alikina, T. Y., Kabilov, M. R., & Dubovskiy, I. M. (2023). Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Mix suppresses rhizoctonia disease and improves rhizosphere microbiome, growth and yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Journal of Fungi, 9(12), 1142. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9121142
Edkie, G.N., Jadhav, S., & Theertha P, D. (2014). Bacillus subtilis isolated from the sugarcane root rhizosphere: a potential bioinoculum to alleviate salinity stress in sugarcane cultivation. Asian Journal of Agricultural Research, 8(2), 84–95. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajar.2014.84.95
Ojo, O., Kengne, M. H. K., Fotsing, M. C., Mmutlane, E. M., & Ndinteh, D. T. (2021). Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and other potential applications of Vitellaria paradoxa Gaertn. (Sapotaceae): A review. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 14(7), 103213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103213
Olahan, G. S., & Ajadi, I. (2024). The isolation and molecular identification of bacteria associated with soil surrounding the root of citrus (Citrus sinensis L.) tree. FUDMA Journal Of Sciences, 8(3), 338–343. https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2024-0803-2402
Oyeyiola, G. P., Arekemase, M. O., Sule, I., & Agbabiaka, T. O. (2013). Rhizosphere bacterial flora of Okro (Hibiscus esculentus). SciInt (Lahore), 25(2), 273-276.
Pantigoso, H. A., Newberger, D., & Vivanco, J. M. (2022). The rhizosphere microbiome: Plant–microbial interactions for resource acquisition. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 133(5), 2864–2876. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.15686
Saeed, Q., Xiukang, W., Haider, F. U., Kučerik, J., Mumtaz, M. Z., Holatko, J., Naseem, M., Kintl, A., Ejaz, M., Naveed, M., Brtnicky, M., & Mustafa, A. (2021). Rhizosphere bacteria in plant growth promotion, biocontrol, and bioremediation of contaminated sites: A comprehensive review of effects and mechanisms. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(19), 10529. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910529
Song, P., Zhao, B., Sun, X., Li, L., Wang, Z., Ma, C., & Zhang, J. (2023). Effects of Bacillus subtilis HS5B5 on maize seed germination and seedling growth under nacl stress conditions. Agronomy, 13(7), 1874. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071874
Swarnalakshmi, K., Yadav, V., Tyagi, D., Dhar, D. W., Kannepalli, A., & Kumar, S. (2020). Significance of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in grain legumes: growth promotion and crop production. Plants, 9(11), 1596. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9111596
Thepbandit, W., & Athinuwat, D. (2024). Rhizosphere microorganisms supply availability of soil nutrients and induce plant defense. Microorganisms, 12(3), 558. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12030558
Tizabi, D., & Hill, R. T. (2023). Micrococcus spp. as a promising source for drug discovery: A review. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 50(1), kuad017. https://doi.org/10.1093/jimb/kuad017
Vejan, P., Abdullah, R., Khadiran, T., Ismail, S., & Nasrulhaq Boyce, A. (2016). Role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in agricultural sustainability—A review. Molecules, 21(5), 573. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21050573
Xia, Y., Feng, J., Zhang, H., Xiong, D., Kong, L., Seviour, R., & Kong, Y. (2024). Effects of soil pH on the growth, soil nutrient composition, and rhizosphere microbiome of Ageratina adenophora. PeerJ, 12, e17231. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17231
Yi, H.-S., Ahn, Y.-R., Song, G. C., Ghim, S.-Y., Lee, S., Lee, G., & Ryu, C.-M. (2016). Impact of a bacterial volatile 2,3-butanediol on bacillus subtilis rhizosphere robustness. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00993
Zhang, T., Jian, Q., Yao, X., Guan, L., Li, L., Liu, F., Zhang, C., Li, D., Tang, H., & Lu, L. (2024). Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) improve the growth and quality of several crops. Heliyon, 10(10), e31553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31553
Zhou, W., Han, G., Liu, M., & Li, X. (2019). Effects of soil pH and texture on soil carbon and nitrogen in soil profiles under different land uses in Mun River Basin, Northeast Thailand. PeerJ, 7, e7880. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7880
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Ganiyu Shittu Olahan, Ibrahim Ajadi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
