Diversity and Ecological Roles of Macrofungi within UiTM Jengka, Pahang, Malaysia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24191/bioenv.v1i3.17Keywords:
Malaysia, Mycorrhiza, Parasitic, Saprophytic, UrbanAbstract
Macrofungi in urban areas are rarely explored, although their existence may significantly impact the ecosystem of these non-forested habitats. Therefore, early macrofungal documentation was carried out on the UiTM Pahang campus to record species diversity and their ecological roles in urban areas. Fruiting bodies of macrofungi were collected and documented from selected sites within the campus areas and were preserved as voucher specimens. Specimens were identified using main macro- and micromorphological key characters and other important features such as odour and colour change upon bruising. A total of 62 species representing two phyla and 23 families were collected in this study. Basidiomycota dominated the campus areas with 54 species, while Ascomycota appeared the least with only eight species. Numerous saprophytic fungi and a small number of mycorrhizal and parasitic fungi living within the campus areas were recovered. The majority of the macrofungi played a role as saprophytes (46 species; 74%), followed by mycorrhiza (14 species; 23%) and parasites (two species; 3%), displaying a balanced proportion of saprophytic and mycorrhizal fungi with extremely low parasitic fungi. The findings also clearly demonstrated that UiTMCPh is a good habitat for numerous groups of macrofungi and is highly favoured by saprophytic macrofungi. Considering the high diversity of macrofungal species from the current work, conducting extensive sampling and regular monitoring of macrofungi are necessary to enhance the conservation programs on the campus.
References
Alem, D., Dejene, T., Andr, J., & Martín-pinto, P. (2021). Forest ecology and management survey of macrofungal diversity and analysis of edaphic factors influencing the fungal community of church forests in dry Afromontane areas of Northern Ethiopia. Forest Ecology and Management, 496, 119391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119391
Bahari, M. N. A., Sakeh, N. M., Abdullah, S. N. A., Ramli, R. R., & Kadkhodaei, S. (2018). Transciptome profiling at early infection of Elaeis guineensis by Ganoderma boninense provides novel insights on fungal transition from biotrophic to necrotrophic phase. BMC Plant Biology, 18(1), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-018-1594-9
Carbone, M., Wang, Y., & Huang, C.-L. (2013). Studies in Trichaleurina (Pezizales). Type studies of Trichaleurina polytricha and Urnula philippinarum. The status of Sarcosoma javanicum, Bulgaria celebica, and Trichaleurina tenuispora sp. nov., with notes on the anamorphic genus Kumanasamuha. Ascomycete. org, 5(5), 137–153.
Chen, Y., Svenning, J., Wang, X., Cao, R., & Yuan, Z. (2018). Drivers of macrofungi community structure differ between soil and rotten-wood substrates in a temperate mountain forest in China. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9(January), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00037
Chong, K. P, Dayou, J., & Alexander, A. (2017). Pathogenic nature of Ganoderma boninense and basal stem rot disease. In: Chong, K. P., Dayou, J., Alexander, A., editors. Detection and control of Ganoderma boninense in oil palm crop. Cham: Springer; 2017. p. 5–12. https://doi.10.1007/978-3-319-54969-9_2
Crabtree, C. D., Keller, H. W., & Ely, J. S. (2010). Macrofungi associated with vegetation and soils at Ha Ha Tonka State Park, Missouri. Mycologia, 102(6), 1229–1239. https://doi.org/10.3852/08-138
Csizmár, M., Cseh, P., Dima, B., Orlóci, L., & Bratek, Z. (2021). Macrofungi of urban Tilia avenues and gardens in Hungary. Global Ecology and Conservation, 28(March). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01672
Damian, D., & Tibuhwa. (2014). A comprehensive study on Agaricus-like mushrooms from Mwalimu JK Nyerere Mlimani Campus, Tanzania. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 4(21), 70–78.
Degreef, J., Demuynck, L., Mukandera, A., Nyirandayambaje, G., Nzigidahera, B., & De Kesel, A. (2016). Wild edible mushrooms, a valuable resource for food security and rural development in Burundi and Rwanda. Biotechnology, Agronomy and Society and Environment, 20(4), 441–452. https://doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.13181
Dell, B. (2002). Role of mycorrhizal fungi in ecosystems. CMU Journal, 1(1), 47-60.
Enow Andrew, E., Kinge, R. T., Maureen Tabi, E., Thiobal, N., & Mathias Mih, A. (2013). Diversity and distribution of macrofungi (mushrooms) in the Mount Cameroon Region. Journal of Ecology and the Natural Environment, 5(10), 318–334. https://doi.org/10.5897/JENE2013.0379
Helbert, Turjaman, M., & Nara, K. (2019). Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities of secondary tropical forests dominated by Tristaniopsis in Bangka Island, Indonesia. PLoS ONE, 14(9), e0221998.
Hermawan, R., Imaningsih, W., & Badruzsaufari, B. (2020). Ectomycorrhizal fungi on South Kalimantan serpentine soil. Jurnal Mikologi Indonesia, 4(1), 149–155. https://doi.org/10.46638/jmi.v4i1.71
Hosen, M. I., & Yang, Z. L. (2013). Coniolepiota spongodes (Agaricaceae, Basidiomycota) in Bangladesh and China. Mycotaxon, 124(2019), 341–347. https://doi.org/10.5248/124.341
Hyde, K. D., Norphanphoun, C., Chen, J., Dissanayake, A. J., Doilom, M., Hongsanan, S., Jayawardena, R. S., Jeewon, R., Perera, R. H., Thongbai, B., Wanasinghe, D. N., Wisitrassameewong, K., Tibpromma, S., & Stadler, M. (2018). Thailand’s amazing diversity: up to 96% of fungi in northern Thailand may be novel. Fungal Diversity, 93(1), 215–239. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-018-0415-7
Jaichaliaw, C., Kumla, J., Vadthanarat, S., Suwannarach, N., & Lumyong, S. (2021). Multigene phylogeny and morphology reveal three novel species and a novel record of Agaricus from Northern Thailand. Frontiers in Microbiology, 12(June), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.650513
Kanchanaprayudh, J., Hogetsu, T., Zhou, Z., Yomyart, S., & Sihanonth, P. (2003). Molecular phylogeny of ectomycorrhizal Pisolithus fungi associated with pine, dipterocarp, and eucalyptus trees in Thailand. Mycoscience, 44(4), 287-294. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10267-003-0110-7
Karun, N., Bhagya, B., & Sridhar, K. (2018). Biodiversity of macrofungi in Yenepoya Campus, Southwest India. Microbial Biosystems, 3(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.21608/mb.2018.12354
Kinge, R. T., Apiseh Apalah, N., Mue Nji, T., Neh Acha, A., & Mathias Mih, A. (2017). Species richness and traditional knowledge of macrofungi (mushrooms) in the Awing Forest Reserve and Communities, Northwest Region, Cameroon. Journal of Mycology, 2017, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2809239
Kirk, P. M., Cannon, P. F., David, J. C., & Stalpers, J. A. (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi, eleventh ed. CABI Publishing, Wallingford.
Lee, S. S., Alias, S. A., Jones, E. G. B., Zainuddin, N., & Chan, H. T. (2012). Checklist of Fungi of Malaysia. Forest Research Institute of Malaysia (FRIM).
Lee, S. S. (2017). A field guide to the large fungi of FRIM. Research Pamphlet-Forest Research Institute Malaysia.
Leonard, P., & Fechner, N. (2010). A guide to collecting and preserving fungal specimens for the Queensland Herbarium. Department of Environment and Resource Management.
Lodge, D. J., Chapela, I., Samuels, G., Uecker, F. A., Desjardin, D., Horak, E., Miller, O. K., Hennebert, G. L. Jr., Decock, C. A., Ammirati, J., Burdsall, H. H., Kirk, P. M. Jr., Minter, D. W., Hailing, R., Laessøe, T., Mueller, G., Huhndorf, S., Oberwinkler, F., Pegler, D. N., Spooner, B., Petersen, R. H., Rogers, J. D., Ryvarden, L., Watling, R., Turnbull, E., & Whalley, A. J. S. (1995). A survey of patterns of diversity in non-lichenised fungi. Mitteilungen der Eidgenössischen Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft, 70(157), e173.
Lu, X., Wang, L., Li, L., Lei, Y. K., Huang, L., & Kang, D. (2010). Multivariate statistical analysis of heavy metals in street dust of Baoji, NW China. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 173, 744–749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.001
Lynch, M. D., & Thorn, R. G. (2006). Diversity of basidiomycetes in Michigan agricultural soils. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 72(11), 7050-7056. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00826-06
Martin, F., Díez, J., Dell, B., & Delaruelle, C. (2002). Phylogeography of the ectomycorrhizal Pisolithus species as inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequences. New Phytologist, 153(2), 345-357. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0028-646X.2001.00313.x
Mohammad, A., Yee, L. S., & Kasran, A. K. (2019). Macrofungi of Tasik Kenyir. In M. T. Abdullah, A. Mohammad, M. N. Zalipah, & M. S. Lola (Eds.), Greater Kenyir Landscapes: Social Development and Environmental Sustainability: From Ridge to Reef (Issue September, pp. 1–325). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92264-5
Mohammadzadeh, S., & Pirzad, A. (2021). Biochemical responses of mycorrhizal-inoculated Lamiaceae (Lavender, Rosemary and Thyme) plants to drought: a field study. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 67(1), 41-49. https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2020.1851144
Molina, R. (1994). The role of mycorrhizal symbioses in the health of giant redwoods and other forest ecosystems. In Proceedings of the symposium on Giant Sequoias: their place in the ecosystem and society (Vol. 151, pp. 78-81).
Nur ’Aqilah, M. B., Norhidayah, K., Salleh, S., Thi, B. K., Ahmad Fitri, Z., Haja Maideen, K. M., & Nizam, M. (2020). Diversity of macrofungi in a logged-over forest at Bangi Forest Reserve, Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia. Malayan Nature Journal, 72(1), 1–5.
O’Reilly, P. (2011). Fascinated by fungi. First Nature.
Ostry, M. E., Anderson, N. A., & O’Brien, J. G. (2011). Field guide to common macrofungi in eastern forests and their ecosystem functions. USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station General Technical Report, NRS-79, 1–90.
Parlucha, J. A., Soriano, J. K. R., Yabes, M. D., Pampolina, N. M., & Tadiosa, E. R. (2021). Species and functional diversity of macrofungi from protected areas in mountain forest ecosystems of Southern Luzon, Philippines. Tropical Ecology, 62(3), 359–367. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42965-021-00152-7
Paterson, R. R. M. (2019). Ganoderma boninense disease of oil palm to significantly reduce production after 2050 in Sumatra if projected climate change occurs. Microorganisms, 7, 24 https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fmicroorganisms7010024
Pecoraro, L., Wang, X., Venturella, G., Gao, W., Wen, T., & Gafforov, Y. (2020). Molecular evidence supports simultaneous association of the achlorophyllous orchid Chamaegastrodia inverta with ectomycorrhizal Ceratobasidiaceae and Russulaceae. BMC Microbiology, 20, 1–13. https://doi.10.1186/s12866-020-01906-4
Phosri, C., Watling, R., Martin, M., & Whalley, A. (2004). The genus Astraeus in Thailand. Mycotaxon, 89(June), 453–463.
Putra, I. P., Amelya, M. P., Veronica, S., & Kurnianto, M. S. (2020). Fantastic fungi around us: a case study of IPB university campus forest. Jurnal Pena Sains, 7(2), 68–82. https://doi.org/10.21107/jps.v7i2.6753
Reddy, M. S., Singla, S., Natarajan, K., & Senthilarasu, G. (2005). Pisolithus indicus, a new species of ectomycorrhizal fungus associated with Dipetrocarps in India. Mycologia, 97(4), 838-843. https://doi.org/10.1080/15572536.2006.11832775
Samsudin, N. I. P., & Abdullah, N. (2019). Edible mushrooms from Malaysia; a literature review on their nutritional and medicinal properties. International Food Research Journal, 26(1), 11–31.
Santamaria, B., Verbeken, A., & Haelewaters, D. (2023). Mycophagy: A global review of interactions between invertebrates and fungi. Journal of Fungi, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9020163
Shokrollahi, N., Ho, C. L., Zainudin, N. A. I. M., Wahab, M. A. W. B. A., & Wong, M. Y. (2021). Identification of non-ribosomal peptide synthetase in Ganoderma boninense Pat. that was expressed during the interaction with oil palm. Scientific reports, 11(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95549-8
Skrbic, B., Milovac, S., & Matavuly, M. (2012). Multielement profiles of soil, road dust, tree bark and wood-rotten fungi collected at various distances from high-frequency road in urban area. Ecological Indicators, 13(1), 168–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.05.023
Sulzbacher, M., Grebenc, T., Jacques, R., & Antoniolli, Z. (2012). Ectomycorrhizal fungi from southern Brazil – a literature-based review, their origin and potential hosts. Mycosphere, 4(1), 61–95. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/4/1/5
Szabo K., Böll S., & Erős-Honti, Z. S. (2014). Applying artificial mycorrhizae in planting urban trees. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 12, 835–853. https://doi.org/10.15666 /aeer/1204
Tapwal, A. (2013). Diversity and frequency of macrofungi associated with wet ever green tropical forest in Assam, India. Biodiversitas, Journal of Biological Diversity, 14(2), 73–78. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d140204
Thi, B. K., Lee, S. S., Zainuddin, N., & Chan, H. T. (2011). A Guidebook to the Macrofungi of Fraser’s Hill. Forest Research Institute Malaysia: Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Malaysia.
Tibuhwa, D. D. (2011a). Diversity of macrofungi at the University of Dar es Salaam Mlimani main campus in Tanzania. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation, 3(11), 540–550.
Tibuhwa, D. D. (2011b). Substrate specificity and phenology of macrofungi community at the university of Dar es Salaam main campus, Tanzania. Journal of Applied Biosciences, 46, 3173–3184.
Tsia, M. K., & Mohammad, A. (2019). Macrofungi of Pulau Bidong. Journal of Undergraduate Research, 53(9), 1689–1699.
Tuah, P. M., Atong, M., & Zahari, N. Z. (2019). Wild Fungi of Sabah: A Pictorial Documentation. Penerbit Universiti Malaysia Sabah.
Vacher, C., Vile, D., Helion, E., Piou, D., & Desprez‐Loustau, M. L. (2008). Distribution of parasitic fungal species richness: influence of climate versus host species diversity. Diversity and Distributions, 14(5), 786-798. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00479.x
Verma, R. K., Pandro, V., & Pyasi, A. (2018). Diversity and distribution of Russula in India with reference to Central Indian species. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 7(10), 3078–3103. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.710.359
Ye, L., Li, H., Mortimer, P. E., Xu, J., Gui, H., Karunarathna, S. C., Kumar, A., Hyde, K. D., & Shi, L. (2019). Substrate preference determines macrofungal biogeography in the greater Mekong Sub-Region. Forests, 10(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/f10100824
Zainuddin, N., Lee, S. S., Chan, H. T. & Thi, B. K. (2010). A Guidebook to The Macrofungi of Tasik Bera. Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan. Forest Research Institute Malaysia.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Nur Amirah Sakinah Mat Shah Fee, Nur Amalina Mohd. Izam, Farah Ayuni Farinordin, Nurul Farizah Azuddin, Hafizi Rosli, Nor Azliza Ismail
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
